Nano-Chitosan and Nanomedicine Approaches Against Pathogenic Coronaviruses
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71005/rqx9tt78Keywords:
Nanomedicine, Nano-chitosan, , Therapeutics, , Viral , infections , Coronavirus , infection , Nanotherapeutic , Nano-diagnostics, PathogenesisAbstract
Human coronaviruses (HCoVs), composed of the viruses causing severe acute respiratory illness described as the syndromes resulting from infection with respiratory coronaviruses (e.g., human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs), whose incubation period averages 7 to 15 days and 1 to 6 months, respectively) and the newly emerged ones (e.g., human respiratory herpesvirus 6). The spread of new variants over a short period of time requires urgent and effective therapeutic strategies..This review discusses the potential of nano-chitosan biopolymeric nanoparticles as a promising therapy for combating SARS-CoV-2 and related viruses. The study examined the structural features, genome organization, and pathogenesis of the viral strains causing the current pandemic-SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and most recently, the viruses responsible for the current "coronavirus" syndication, namely, the newly discovered coronavirus - known as the "SAR-corona subgroup, viral genome organization, pathogenesis, and host/virus away within the SAR Coronavirus family. The role of nano-chitosan as an anti-viral agent and as a drug delivery enhancer for improved-drug bioavailability and targeted therapy is also reviewed in the context. Nano-chitosan shows a strong antiviral effect on HCoVs via enhancing drug solubility and bioavailability. Its capacity as a carrier able to transport antiviral agents, and in vaccine delivery, diagnostics, as well as in the field of therapeutic applications, is an important advance in nanomedicine. Nano-chitosan is a potential candidate for the future pandemic of coronavirus. The incorporation of nano-chitosan into therapeutic approaches may improve existing therapies as well as contribute to more effective control of viral outbreaks. Future
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